Plato’s Warning: How Fear Dismantles Freedom
Plato warned that in times of fear and uncertainty, people may willingly surrender their freedom to leaders who promise protection, allowing democracy to collapse into tyranny. This caution has echoed...
The Nature of Evil – Is Humanity Inherently Good or Bad?
Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau presented opposing views on human nature that continue to influence political philosophy. Hobbes believed that humans are naturally selfish and violent, requiring strong governance to...
Freedom as the Power to Say No: Ayn Rand’s Controversial Philosophy
Ayn Rand’s philosophy of Objectivism defines freedom as the power to say no, emphasizing personal autonomy and the rejection of external coercion, whether from government, society, or collective obligations. She...
Isaiah Berlin and the Philosophy of Positive and Negative Freedom
Isaiah Berlin’s concept of freedom, outlined in Two Concepts of Liberty (1958), distinguishes between negative and positive freedom. Negative freedom is the absence of external constraints, emphasizing limited government, rule...
The Principle of Charity in Argumentation: Encouraging Constructive Discourse
The principle of charity, articulated by philosophers such as Donald Davidson, suggests that when interpreting another person's argument, we should assume their reasoning is rational and their statements are as...